5 Slaves, be obedient to those who are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in the sincerity of your heart, as to Christ;
6 not by way of eye service, as men-pleasers, but as slaves of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart.
7 With good will render service, as to the Lord, and not to men,
8 knowing that whatever good thing each one does, this he will receive back from the Lord, whether slave or free.
9 And masters, do the same things to them, and give up threatening, knowing that both their Master and yours is in heaven, and there is no partiality with Him.
Guidelines for Christian relationships and living continue in the following verses. (They start in 4:25 and go through 6:20.) There are some major subjects in these verses. They all flow from the fact that you are in Jesus.
Vs. 5 - Slaves, be obedient to those who are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in the sincerity of your heart, as to Christ;
“According to the flesh” - Interestingly (to me at least), the Bible is relatively silent regarding slavery. Hebrews could not own another Hebrew as a slave. They might be slaves to non-Jews; they might even have non-Hebrew slaves. The Bible does not condone or promote slavery, nor does it condemn slavery.
This world is the domain of Satan. God ‘takes’ us where we are. He doesn’t make us change to some ideal behavior before we are acceptable to Him. We will never be acceptable, except in the blood and sacrifice of Jesus Christ our Lord and Savior. He calls us from where we are. Our hearts and lives are changed by the mercy of Jesus, and only by Jesus. God has been merciful to us to set us free is throughout the New Testament account.
Christ said while quoting Isaiah, “The scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him, and unrolling the scroll, he found the place where it was written: The Spirit of the Lord is on me, because he has anointed me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim release to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to set free the oppressed, to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor. He then rolled up the scroll, gave it back to the attendant, and sat down. And the eyes of everyone in the synagogue were fixed on him. He began by saying to them, ‘Today as you listen, this Scripture has been fulfilled.’” (Luke 4:17-21)
He also said, “You will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.” (John 8:32),
and, “So if the Son sets you free, you really will be free.” (John 8:36).
Paul wrote in other letters: “For when you were slaves of sin, you were free with regard to righteousness.” (Rom 6:20)
And, “For freedom, Christ set us free. Stand firm then and don’t submit again to a yoke of slavery.” (Gal 5:1).
We know that Christ has come to free us from sin and death. To a slave of that era, or maybe any era, the message of freedom would have more than one meaning. Paul could well be warning the Christian slaves (slaves who were owned by another person) to not get ahead of themselves. They may be free from sin, but they were still slaves to their owners. In no way could they say, “You can take this job and shove it.” This is especially true if their masters were not believers. Paul is telling them to serve their earthly masters as if they were serving God Himself.
The primary message from the Lord and the apostles was that you and I can be free from the slavery to sin! And we can be sure that as long as we do not have the Lord in our lives as Savior, we are tied to sin. It is our master. Sin owns our soul. Only when we give ourselves to Jesus Christ - believe in Him, give ourselves to Him, can we be free from the dominance of sin.
By the way: We are called 'slaves of Jesus Christ' in the New Testament. (Eph 6:6; 1 Cor 7:22) Whatever our physical condition - slave or free - we have been set free from slavery to sin. We are free indeed. (Gal 3:28; Col 3:11) Being a slave of Christ is not onerous. He bought us; He has paid the ultimate price for us and our souls - He was crucified, and was resurrected in order that we might be with Him and the Father - forever!
From a commentary by David Guzik, "The Gospel found slavery in the world; and in many regions, particularly the Roman and the Greek, it was a very bad form of slavery. The Gospel began at once to undermine it, with its mighty principles of the equality of all souls in the mystery and dignity of manhood, and of the equal work of redeeming love wrought for all souls by the supreme Master. But its plan was — not to batter, but to undermine… So while the Gospel in one respect left slavery alone, it doomed it in another.”
Vs. 6 - “not by way of eye service, as men-pleasers, but as slaves of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart.”
“not by way of eye service” - This admonition applies to us all, not just slaves. Don’t do it for “show”. You know exactly what this means. You have seen, or worked with people who perform their ‘best’ when they think someone is watching. The rest of the time, they act as if they don’t care at all.
“doing the will of God from the heart.” - Work for your master (or your boss) just as you would work for Christ. Your boss is a ‘stand-in’ for Christ with respect to work or jobs. Disrespecting laws or rules is not just flouting the rule of law, it is rebelling against God, against Jesus. God said over and over in the Old Testament, “You have sinned against Me!”.
Paul called himself a ‘bond-slave of Christ’. (See: Rom 1:1; Gal 1:10; Col. 1:1, 4:7; 1 Tim 4:6; 2 Tim 2:24)
Peter, James, Titus and Jude did the same. (See: Titus 1:1; Jam 1:1; 2 Pet 1:1; Jud 1:1)
Moses - a bond-servant of God (Rev 15:3).
Jesus, our Lord and Savior - a Holy Servant (Acts 4:27).
As Paul refers to himself as a bond-servant, we see (according to some of the commentaries and Bible dictionaries) there is a difference between a bond-servant and a slave. The Jew, under the Mosaic covenant, was never a slave as we know slavery, such as experienced in America’s South and other places. An Israelite could not own another Jew. The slave under the Mosaic Law was mostly paying off a debt, occurred legally or not.And a Jew could not forced to be a slave for more than six years. After six years as a servant (slave) the man or woman was freed and the debt forgiven. Technically, a Jew was not a slave, but a ‘hired hand’ working to pay off a debt. See: Exo. 21:2-6
A Jew, having served to pay the debt, could decide to stay with the ‘master’ - voluntary servitude. They went through a ceremony in which a hole was punched in the servant’s ear, after which the servant served for life. The term ‘bond-servant’ may refer to this voluntary service. This was a HUGE commitment - not at all like taking a job which you can leave for a better job or in a different location.
What a good picture of our relationship to the Lord Jesus. We are not forced to be saved. Jesus, through the Holy Spirit, calls us to believe and be saved. When we believe in our heart Jesus was raised from the dead, and confess Him as Lord and Savior, we will be saved. See: Rom. 10:9-10. Now, we are His. His friends. His servants. His bride. His glory. Our life is not our own, for we were bought for a price. (1 Cor. 6:20, 7:23) That price - a perfect sacrifice, is the Lamb who was slain.
The image of a bond-slave is a good picture of our Christian life. The servant, after the debt is paid, volunteers to serve the master. We acknowledge that Christ paid our debt - one we can never pay in full. We must confess that we believe He is our Lord and Savior. This confession is not forced from us. We do it by our free will.
Remember, the former slave has no more obligation to the master, the debt has been paid. The former slave publicly announces the desire to serve the master permanently, for life. Our confession of faith is made before other people. The ceremony for the bond-servant is public. All people now know the person is permanently connected to the master. Our ceremony - baptism in conjunction with confession of faith - is a public announcement we are Christ’s possession for life, both physical and spiritual, both here now and for eternity.
The following chart may help to see the similarities:
Slave pays his debt by working it off. | Jesus Christ pays our sin-debt by His crucifixion and resurrection. |
Former slave volunteers to serve his master. | Sinner decides to believe and accept Christ as Lord and Savior. |
Former slave publicly has a hole punched in the ear to show he is now a bond-servant. | Sinner pubiicly acknowledges Christ and is baptized to show he is a Christian. |
Bond-servant is bound to the master for life. | Believer, a Christian, is Christ's personal possession for life and eternity. |
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Vs. 7-8 - “With good will render service, as to the Lord, and not to men, knowing that whatever good thing each one does, this he will receive back from the Lord, whether slave or free. “
“render service, as to the Lord” - Too often we do not look beyond our physical circumstances. We see our boss, and naturally assume that is who we answer to. Forgetting that God has placed that person there in the path of your life, we cannot see our service as serving God, not just the person before us. Your boss or master may not be a believer. They are where they are at God’s good pleasure. Being obstinate or belligerent in your job is not a good witness of your faith in the Lord and Savior. “God loves you and has a wonderful plan for your life” (see note 1) is not heard in rebellion and stubbornness.
Vs. 9 - “And masters, do the same things to them, and give up threatening, knowing that both their Master and yours is in heaven, and there is no partiality with Him. ““And masters, do the same things to them” - Care and concern for proper and appropriate behavior does not run just one way. Slaves are urged to see themselves as serving Jesus Christ, not just their human masters. Masters are instructed to treat their slaves as they themselves want to be treated - with compassion and love. The image of the slave serving Christ applies to the master as well. The people you are ordering around have been placed in your home or business by the Lord. They are loved by Jesus. Cruel treatment is therefore not just on the human level, but reaches into heaven.
“ knowing that both their Master and yours is in heaven”- The master has a Master in heaven who knows the heart of each person. Being rich or master of others has no advantage in the Lord’s judgment. “Your true life does not consist of the things you may own, no matter how rich you may be.” (Luk 12:15)
Jesus the Lord judges every person, and judges fairly. “And there is no creature hidden from His sight, but all things are open and laid bare to the eyes of Him with whom we have to do.” (Heb 4:13)
***Note 1: From “Four Spiritual Laws” by Campus Crusade for Christ.
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